Difference between revisions of "Keyboard macros"

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I Sverige ble driftsoverskuddet halvert fra 31,4 millioner til 16,2 millioner norske kroner i samme periode. Det er like normalt som beklagelig at en fagforeningsleder ikke vÃ¥ger Ã¥ innrømme at hans  marc jacobs norge  kan ha et stykke Ã¥ gÃ¥ pÃ¥ kompetansens vei. - Fantastisk moralSarpsborg 08- parajumper  Roar Johansen hyller spillernes innstilling.
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{{Manual|emacs|Basic-Keyboard-Macro|Basic Keyboard Macro}}
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»Den gangen sa Stoltenberg at olje mulberry skjerf  mÃ¥tte brukes pÃ¥ Ã¥ skape trygghet for varig velferd gjennom  ralph lauren oslo  og konkurransekraft. - Jeg vil ikke ha noen  converse en om hva styret gjør, men jeg støtter helhjertet at de vil styrke anlegg tre og fire. 6,7 millioner fattige lÃ¥ntagere har lÃ¥nt 2,7 milliarder dollar (16 mrd.
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Eksempler på slik konstruktiv samhandling er gangbroen over jernbanesporene og AstupFearnly-museet på Tjuvholmen. Slik sett er BMWs i-biler enda et tegn på at motorer med seks sylindre eller mer raskt vil bli en sjeldenhet. Konsensus venter at utsiktene for begge sektorene har tatt seg noe opp i mai sammenliknet med april.
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'''Keyboard macros''' can be used to automate or repeat tedious editing tasks in Emacs.
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Den tidligere sÃ¥ irriterende formidable canada goose norge n manglet offensiv ledelse, flere av nøkkelspillerne var i slengete form og de defensive omrokkeringene gjorde at rommet bak midtforsvaret lÃ¥ Ã¥pent for spanjolenes spreke nye angrepsduo.  Til slutt var det i canadian goose tid game over: Larvik hadde knust FC K i omgang - og vunnet sitt andre strake Champions League-oppgj />Han var naturlig nok forn etter kampslutt i dag.  Jeg tenker at jeg ikke trenger Ã¥ sette  mulberry vesker srekord.
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Allerede midtveis i reisa har jeg gitt tapt, samme angst et sted i kroppen, skal jeg ikke peke på såret, skal jeg ikke lukke opp for det, skal jeg ikke ripe i det. Mistillit- Italienerne stoler ikke på at staten hjelper dem hvis de mister jobben. For barn kan 20 minutter også være lenge.
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==Basic Use==
 +
 
 +
; {{Keys|F3}}, or {{Keys|C-x (}}
 +
: Start defining a macro.
 +
; {{Keys|F4}}, or {{Keys|C-x )}}
 +
: Stop defining a macro.
 +
; {{Keys|F4}}, or {{Keys|C-x e}}
 +
: Execute a macro
 +
; {{Keys|C-u 37 C-x e}} or {{Keys|C-u 37 F4}}
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: Execute a macro multiple times, using [[prefix argument]]
 +
; {{Keys|C-u 0 C-x e}}
 +
: Execute a macro until the end of the buffer
 +
 
 +
==Example usage==
 +
 
 +
Consider the standard <code>*scratch*</code> buffer:
 +
 
 +
<pre>
 +
;; This buffer is for notes you don't want to save, and for Lisp evaluation.
 +
;; If you want to create a file, visit that file with C-x C-f,
 +
;; then enter the text in that file's own buffer.
 +
</pre>
 +
 
 +
Suppose you want to remove the first occurrence of the letter "a" on every row in that piece of text. You could write a [[regular expression]] to do the job, but let's assume you want to use a keyboard macro this time.
 +
 
 +
# Make sure [[point]] is at the start of the buffer.
 +
# Hit <code>C-x (</code> to start recording your macro. '''Note:''' If you hit <code>C-g</code> or if an error occurs, your keyboard macro recording will stop.
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# Hit <code>C-s</code> followed by <code>a</code> to find the first "a". Now, point is right after the first "a" in the text.
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# Hit backspace to delete that "a".
 +
 
 +
The first occurrence of "a" of the first line has been deleted. Let's move point to the beginning of the next line and then stop recording.
 +
 
 +
<ol start="5">
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<li>Hit <code>C-e C-f</code> to move point to the beginning of the next line.</li>
 +
<li>Hit <code>C-x )</code> to finish the recording of our macro.</li>
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</ol>
 +
 
 +
The macro you have just recorded performs the operation of removing the first occurrence of "a" it can find and then moving point to the next line.
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 +
<ol start="7">
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<li>Hit <code>C-x e</code> once to call that macro.</li>
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<li>Continue hitting <code>e</code> to call it several times. Hit any other key to get out of the macro repetition.</li>
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</ol>
 +
 
 +
== Naming and saving macros ==
 +
 
 +
You can:
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* give a name to the most recently defined macro (<code>C-x C-k n</code>)
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* bind it to a key sequence (<code>C-x C-k b</code>)
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* insert it in the current buffer as lisp code (<code>M-x insert-kbd-macro</code>).
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 +
{{Manual|emacs|Save-Keyboard-Macro|Save Keyboard Macro}}
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 +
 
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To bind a keyboard macro to a key use <code>C-x C-k b</code>. To avoid problems caused by overriding existing bindings, the key sequences <code>C-x C-k 0</code> through <code>C-x C-k 9</code> and <code>C-x C-k A</code> through <code>C-x C-k Z</code> are reserved for your own keyboard macro bindings.  You can, however, bind a keyboard macro to whatever you like.
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==Variables==
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Variables can be stored in lisp or in [[registers]].  Here's an example using lisp:
 +
 
 +
<pre>
 +
[M-: (setq x 1)]
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<F3>
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Line number [C-u M-: x]
 +
[M-: (setq x (+ x 1))]
 +
<F4>
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</pre>
 +
 
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Now execute the macro four times with the command <code>C-x e e e e</code> and you get:
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 +
line number 1<br />
 +
line number 2<br />
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line number 3<br />
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line number 4
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 +
 
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= See also =
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* [https://github.com/Silex/elmacro elmacro], to show keyboard macros as emacs-lisp
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* [https://github.com/abo-abo/centimacro centimacro] to (temporarily) bind any number of macros to any global shortcuts.
 +
* You can use keyboard macros à la vim in [[evil]].
 +
 
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Intermediate]]
 +
[[Category:Editing]]

Revision as of 15:34, 28 August 2014

Basic Keyboard Macro (`(info "(emacs) Basic Keyboard Macro")')

Keyboard macros can be used to automate or repeat tedious editing tasks in Emacs.


Basic Use

[F3], or [C-x (]
Start defining a macro.
[F4], or [C-x )]
Stop defining a macro.
[F4], or [C-x e]
Execute a macro
[C-u 37 C-x e] or [C-u 37 F4]
Execute a macro multiple times, using prefix argument
[C-u 0 C-x e]
Execute a macro until the end of the buffer

Example usage

Consider the standard *scratch* buffer: 

;; This buffer is for notes you don't want to save, and for Lisp evaluation.
;; If you want to create a file, visit that file with C-x C-f,
;; then enter the text in that file's own buffer.

Suppose you want to remove the first occurrence of the letter "a" on every row in that piece of text. You could write a regular expression to do the job, but let's assume you want to use a keyboard macro this time.

  1. Make sure point is at the start of the buffer.
  2. Hit C-x ( to start recording your macro. Note: If you hit C-g or if an error occurs, your keyboard macro recording will stop.
  3. Hit C-s followed by a to find the first "a". Now, point is right after the first "a" in the text.
  4. Hit backspace to delete that "a".

The first occurrence of "a" of the first line has been deleted. Let's move point to the beginning of the next line and then stop recording.

  1. Hit C-e C-f to move point to the beginning of the next line.
  2. Hit C-x ) to finish the recording of our macro.

The macro you have just recorded performs the operation of removing the first occurrence of "a" it can find and then moving point to the next line.

  1. Hit C-x e once to call that macro.
  2. Continue hitting e to call it several times. Hit any other key to get out of the macro repetition.

Naming and saving macros

You can:

  • give a name to the most recently defined macro (C-x C-k n)
  • bind it to a key sequence (C-x C-k b)
  • insert it in the current buffer as lisp code (M-x insert-kbd-macro).

Save Keyboard Macro (`(info "(emacs) Save Keyboard Macro")')


To bind a keyboard macro to a key use C-x C-k b. To avoid problems caused by overriding existing bindings, the key sequences C-x C-k 0 through C-x C-k 9 and C-x C-k A through C-x C-k Z are reserved for your own keyboard macro bindings. You can, however, bind a keyboard macro to whatever you like.

Variables

Variables can be stored in lisp or in registers. Here's an example using lisp: 

[M-: (setq x 1)]
<F3>
Line number [C-u M-: x]
[M-: (setq x (+ x 1))]
<F4>

Now execute the macro four times with the command C-x e e e e and you get:

line number 1
line number 2
line number 3
line number 4


See also

  • elmacro, to show keyboard macros as emacs-lisp
  • centimacro to (temporarily) bind any number of macros to any global shortcuts.
  • You can use keyboard macros à la vim in evil.
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