Difference between revisions of "Regexp Search"

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(Created page with "== Syntax == The following characters are special : . * + ? ^ $ \ [ Between brackets [], the following are special : ] - ^ Many characters are special when they follow a ba...")
 
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== Syntax ==
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# {{CommandKeys|C-M-s|isearch-forward-regexp}} : incremental forward search matching regexp
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# {{CommandKeys|C-M-r|isearch-backward-regexp}} :  incremental backward search matching regexp
  
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The following characters are special : . * + ? ^ $ \ [
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=== alternative ===
  
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Between brackets [], the following are special : ] - ^
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# invoke incremental search by either '''C-s''' (isearch-forward) or '''C-r''' (isearch-backward)
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# note the ''I-search:'' prompt in the echo area
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# type '''M-r'''
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# note the ''Pending regexp I-search:'' prompt in the echo area
  
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Many characters are special when they follow a backslash – see below.
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[[Category:Search]]
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[[Category:Buffer Navigation]]
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  .        any character (but newline)
 
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  *        previous character or group, repeated 0 or more time
 
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  +        previous character or group, repeated 1 or more time
 
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  ?        previous character or group, repeated 0 or 1 time 
 
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  ^        start of line
 
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  $        end of line
 
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  [...]    any character between brackets
 
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  [^..]    any character not in the brackets
 
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  [a-z]    any character between a and z
 
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  \        prevents interpretation of following special char
 
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  \|      or
 
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  \w      word constituent
 
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  \b      word boundary
 
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  \sc      character with c syntax (e.g. \s- for whitespace char)
 
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  \( \)    start\end of group
 
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  \< \>    start\end of word
 
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  \` \'    start\end of buffer
 
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  \1      string matched by the first group
 
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  \n      string matched by the nth group
 
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  \{3\}    previous character or group, repeated 3 times
 
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  \{3,\}  previous character or group, repeated 3 or more times
 
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  \{3,6\}  previous character or group, repeated 3 to 6 times
 
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.?, +?, and ?? are non-greedy versions of ., +, and ?
 
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\W, \B, and \Sc match any character that does not match \w, \b, and \sc
 
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Characters are organized by category. Use C-u C-x = to display the category of the character under the cursor.
 
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  \ca      ascii character
 
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  \Ca      non-ascii character (newline included)
 
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  \cl      latin character
 
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  \cg      greek character
 
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Here are some [[syntax_classes?]] that can be used between brackets, [].
 
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  [:digit:] a digit, same as [0-9]
 
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  [:upper:]  a letter in uppercase
 
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  [:space:]  a whitespace character, as defined by the syntax table
 
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  [:xdigit:] an hexadecimal digit
 
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  [:cntrl:]  a control character
 
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  [:ascii:]  an ascii character
 
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Syntax classes:
 
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  \s-  whitespace character        \s/  character quote character
 
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  \sw  word constituent            \s$  paired delimiter       
 
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  \s_  symbol constituent          \s'  expression prefix       
 
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  \s.  punctuation character      \s<  comment starter         
 
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  \s(  open delimiter character    \s>  comment ender           
 
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  \s)  close delimiter character  \s!  generic comment delimiter
 
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  \s"  string quote character      \s|  generic string delimiter
 
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  \s\  escape character 
 
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== Regexp Examples ==
 
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[-+[:digit:]]                    digit or + or - sign
 
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\(\+\|-\)?[0-9]+\(\.[0-9]+\)?    decimal number (-2 or 1.5 but not .2 or 1.)
 
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\(\w+\) +\1\>                    two consecutive, identical words
 
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\<[[:upper:]]\w*                  word starting with an uppercase letter
 
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  +$                              trailing whitespaces (note the starting SPC)
 
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\w\{20,\}                        word with 20 letters or more
 
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\w+phony\>                        word ending by phony
 
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\(19\|20\)[0-9]\{2\}              year 1900-2099
 
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^.\{6,\}                          at least 6 symbols
 
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^[a-zA-Z0-9_]\{3,16\}$            decent string for a user name
 
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<tag[^> C-q C-j ]*>\(.*?\)</tag>  html tag
 
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== Emacs Commands that Use Regular Expressions ==
 
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C-M-s                  incremental forward search matching regexp
 
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C-M-r                  incremental backward search matching regexp
 
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replace-regexp          replace string matching regexp
 
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query-replace-regexp    same, but query before each replacement
 
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align-regexp            align, using strings matching regexp as delimiters
 
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highlight-regexp        highlight strings matching regexp
 
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occur                  show lines containing a match
 
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multi-occur            show lines in all buffers containing a match
 
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how-many                count the number of strings matching regexp
 
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keep-lines              delete all lines except those containing matches
 
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flush-lines            delete lines containing matches
 
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grep                    call unix grep command and put result in a buffer
 
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lgrep                  user-friendly interface to the grep command
 
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rgrep                  recursive grep
 
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dired-do-copy-regexp    copy files with names matching regexp
 
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dired-do-rename-regexp  rename files matching regexp
 
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find-grep-dired        display files containing matches for regexp with Dired
 
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== See Also ==
 
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[[Re-builder]] build regexp interactively in buffer
 

Latest revision as of 11:16, 10 June 2017

  1. [C-M-s] (or M-x isearch-forward-regexp) : incremental forward search matching regexp
  2. [C-M-r] (or M-x isearch-backward-regexp) : incremental backward search matching regexp

alternative

  1. invoke incremental search by either C-s (isearch-forward) or C-r (isearch-backward)
  2. note the I-search: prompt in the echo area
  3. type M-r
  4. note the Pending regexp I-search: prompt in the echo area
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